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Hello everyone! Today I'm going to talk

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about adoption and prophet muhammad's

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marriage to Zainab. To begin there are five topics

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I want to discuss how

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Prophet Muhammad married Zainab. How adoption

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got abolished. Ancient cultures and

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adoption. Difficulties with adopting in

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Islam. Why did Prophet Muhammad marry

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his daughter-in-law? Did Muhammad fall in

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love with Zainab? And how adoption became

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forbidden with Zaid and Zainab. The

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first topic is ancient cultures and

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adoption. Looking at history, we know adoption

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was a common practice in many cultures,

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it's something good to do you know

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adopting someone is like making them

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your son or daughter they become part of

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your family. They take your name, they inherit

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from you they become you know they

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become part of the family.

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There's many examples - Ancient

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Roman culture, Elite Romans used to

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adopt children and they became part of

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the family.

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Sometimes the the adopted son would even

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have a higher status than the natural

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born son. This is because the adopted

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son was chosen, whereas the

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natural son was just born with however

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he was. A very famous example is Julius

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Caesar and Cleopatra. They had a child

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and Julius also had an

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adopted son. Guess who

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became the next leader of the Roman

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Empire? The adopted son. The adopted son

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became Caesar Augustus the first emperor

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of the Roman Empire. This is because he

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was adopted by Julius and he was given

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the Empire. So I mean

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this is kind of amazing

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that this is how you know in

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ancient culture adopted sons and

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daughters were treated they were treated

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like your own child you know and they

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would get everything that the

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that parents would have - the customers, the

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respect, the privilege, the family name, you

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know they were given the honor of being

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like an actual child. Infact

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Julius Caesar his

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adopted son became Emperor not his

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natural son. The same thing in Pre-Islamic

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Arabia, you know sometimes pre-Islamic

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Arabia "Jahiliyah" the period of

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ignorance as it's called is sometimes

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look down upon, but there was many good

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things in Pre-Islamic Arabia, for

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example Tabari mentions that in

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accordance with the Arabic custom of

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adoption at the time

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Zaid ibn Haritha was thereafter known as

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Zaid Ibn Muhammad and was a freed man

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regarded socially and legally as

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Muhammad's son. So before 

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Islamic law changed with with the

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marriage of Zainab and Prophet Muhammad, adoption

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was a very normal process in 

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Pre-Islamic Arabia so much so that they would

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take the name of.. You know Zaid was

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actually Zaid the son of Muhammad.

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Muhammad actually adopted him and he took

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his name, his family name. And why did this

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all change?

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We'll get to that. I want to talk about

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practical difficulties with adoption

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in Islam. Yusa Gomaa in an article

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titled "Why Adoption and Fostering Must 

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be Our Muslim Duty" in April 2016 wrote: So

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basically she was writing an article

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about adoption in Islam and how

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difficult it is. She did some

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interviews and research and she

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says, when I asked whether Muslim

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children frequently came into the system,

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the adoption system, she was told that

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they did but they were amongst the most

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difficult children to match into homes

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because of the unique religious and

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cultural needs. I made similar inquiries

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in Michigan, Washington, Indiana

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and Wisconsin only to hear the same

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response that it was there with the most

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difficult children to match.

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It's very hard to for a Muslim family to

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adopt and and let's discuss why. The

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first reason is because of Mahram

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issues - mahram is basically the laws of

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blood meaning when you're mahram with

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someone you're allowed to be alone with

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them, you can hug them, kiss them.. like

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you know you're mahram to your mother,

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mahram to your father, you know you can

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basically be alone

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with them, they're like family members

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and you cannot marry your marahim (mahrams).

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The thing is when you when you adopt -

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that child is not mahram to you, so if

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you adopt a girl, like if I adopt my daughter

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I wouldn't be able to be alone with her

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I can actually marry her.

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It's not considered an actual

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adoption, because adoption is not allowed, so

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what would happen is that girl would

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just be a part of the family, but 

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would kind of be like a stranger in the

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family. As well how can you get around

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this?

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I actually know you one individual who

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wanted to adopt a child, one family

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and so what they did was in order to

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adopt this little boy the mom

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tried to, I mean like the adopted mom

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tried to take some you know.. some sort of

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herbal medicines to try to get some

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breast milk so they could feed the baby

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because you can become a "foster mom" in

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Islam and the the child would be mahram

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to you. Because this didn't actually

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work, the second option

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they did was to get get her sister to

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breastfeed the child. Even though the child was

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you know done breastfeeding and 

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obviously was a foster child that wasn't

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being adopted, by her sister

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breastfeeding it became kind of like a

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relative, and she became like an auntie

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to the child. So this is kind of like the

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workarounds you have to go to in order to

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have an actual child in your family

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that's related you or "so-called 

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related" to you. And you can imagine how

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difficult is and how problematic it is,

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and so many Muslims, they don't want to

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because when the child grows up

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What would they do? They don't

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always have these workarounds available.

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Very  strange that you have to do

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this. As well the adopted son or daughter

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doesn't take the name of the family the

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family name, The adopted son has to be known

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as, this child has his own name and

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we'll get to the story of how this

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happened, but basically this is a very

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serious thing in Islam so serious that

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it's punishable by hell. I'm

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going to read  a hadith narrated in Bukhari

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and Muslim. it was narrated from Abu Dharr

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may Allah be pleased with him

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that he heard the prophet peace and

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blessings be upon him say "There's no man

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who knowingly calls himself after

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someone other than his father but he has

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committed kufr (disbelief). Whoever

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claims to belong to people of whom he

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has no ties of blood, let him take his

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place in hell. This is a very serious point.

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Taking a child, giving a child your name,

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it's strangely serious.. It's very strange

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you know that a child cannot take your

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family name. The adopted son or daughter does

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not get inheritance, thats another thing. The

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rules of inheritance are fixed in the

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Quran - that this person gets this much.

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This person gets this much.. Her son gets you know one

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amount, and daughters would get a half

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of what the son gets, but the adopted child

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will not get anything.

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Now there is one-third allowance that you

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can be flexible with, so you would have

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to specify that from the one-third, give my

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adopted son this amount, otherwise an adopted

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child would not get any in

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inheritance from the family, which is again

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quite a sad thing. Compare this to the

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Pre-Islamic method that the

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child would inherit, would be basically

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would be like an actual child, Does it

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seem like Islam actually raised the rights

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Increase the rights of 

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adopted children? No it actually took

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away rights that they had before

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Islam, and many Muslims are not aware

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that this whole thing actually

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happened because of 

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Prophet Muhammad wanting to marry Zainab.

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Now why did Prophet Muhammad marry his daughter-in-law?

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This was something that

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was considered taboo. Forbidden in

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Pre-Islamic society. So much so that

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Prophet Muhammad was scared to tell

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people that he was going to marry Zainab.

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It says in the Quran Chapter 33 Verse 37

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"And you feared the people, while Allah has

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more right that you fear him." Meaning

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Prophet Muhammad was scared about this,

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he was scared to do this, but he wanted

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to do it.

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Zaid was just like Muhammad's

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son. He was his adopted son, and he was

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part of the family, he loved Prophet Muhammad very

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much so and  Prophet Muhammad loved Zaid

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really much as well. Infact Zaid is

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the only one mentioned,

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the only companion mentioned by name in

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the Quran. He has that high a status and

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that much love Prophet Muhammad had for him.

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So Prophet Muhammad got Zaid married to

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Zainab, the the marriage lasted less than

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two years, they had some troubles.

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She was an attractive young lady of

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the tribe of Quraish. Aisha said, "from

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amongst the wives of the Prophet

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Muhammad,

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Zainab was my peer in beauty and in love

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that she's received from the Prophet, and this is

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narrated in Bukhari. So it's well known she

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was a beautiful young lady

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she got married around the age of 35. In

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fact, the law of hijab (head covering for women) was

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revealed on the on the wedding night of

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Prophet Muhammad to Zainab, so before that

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there was no law of hijab. When he married Zainab

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 the same night the law of hijab was

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revealed. The story goes that

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when the "iddah", the waiting period of Zainab

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was over, meaning Zaid had divorced Zainab, 

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and there was a waiting period in

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Islam to know whether.. you know she's

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pregnant or not and once the waiting 

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period was over, Zaid went to Zainab 

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and told her that Prophet Muhammad has sent a

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proposal of marriage for you.

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Zainab replied "I won't to anything until I

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talk to my lord (meaning God)"

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She went to pray and while

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she was praying the Quran was revealed

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and then the Messenger of Allah came and

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entered upon her without any formalities.

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And this is narrated and Sahih Muslim. So

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basically she was praying, she was asking

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she's asking God should I marry him?

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Maybe she was worried.. you know .. what

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would people say about me, you know what's

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gonna happen if I marry 

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this man who was my

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father-in-law essentially. That you know

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she was she was like a daughter to him

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right? So she maybe she was thinking

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about this, and while she was thinking

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about this and praying Prophet Muhammad 

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walked right into a home and said "I'm

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your husband!"  It's interesting why was there

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a need for Prophet Muhammad to

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demonstrate this rule of marrying you

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know ex wife of your adopted son. This

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is something that really needed

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demonstrating? Why would you even want to

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marry your daughter-in-law?

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I mean my my father and my wife.. He

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treats my wife like, he used to treat my wife

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like his daughter she was like you know

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you should call her "beti", like your

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daughter (in Hindi).

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It's just weird and strange like

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why would you want to marry

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someone

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that's like your daughter? Do people

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do this, is this a common thing that Allah 

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needed to reveal a verse about this and tell

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everybody for ever and ever?

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Now...

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On one Islamic site it says the reason for the

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revelation of these verses was that

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Allah wanted to prescribe a law for all

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believers that adopted sons did not come

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under the same rulings as real sons

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in any way and there's nothing wrong with

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those who had adopted them 

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marrying the wives after

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divorce. So basically Allah wanted to

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ensure that that all the Muslims would

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know for ever and ever until the day of judgment

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that if you know one day your adopted

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son has a wife, and you know he divorces

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his wife, you can marry her

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you know.. Just in case you know she might be an

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attractive lady, young lady, you never know

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maybe you want to marry her. You know

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what's the best way of showing this is for

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Muhammad to marry his own "daughter-in-law"

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who was you know this attractive young lady

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So you know what, now we know, I mean this

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is great, I mean this is a great

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00:11:43,410 --> 00:11:47,579
thing, you know if it ever happens again. Now,

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00:11:45,420 --> 00:11:49,170
did Muhammad fall in love with Zainab?

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This is an interesting story. I always used to

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think this was a completely you know

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weak hadith and fabricated story, but after

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looking into it and doing some research

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i found out that 

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this is actually considered a pretty

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solid story. The earliest tafsir 

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Ibn Ishaq doesn't say 

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unfortunately mention much

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about the wives of Prophet Muhammad, but the

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00:12:09,240 --> 00:12:13,350
next one that we have which is

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Ibn Saad who died in 230 AH

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mentions this story as follows: So Prophet

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Muhammad went to visit Zaid and Zaid

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wasn't home, so then Zainab answered the door

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And she said Zaid is not

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here, why don't you come in? Prophet

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Muhammad you know turned away and he

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muttered something.. He said something

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under his breath any left. Now when Zaid

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came back, Zainab mentioned what

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happened and she said that Prophet Muhammad

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came and Zaid asked her

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Why didn't you let him in? And

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she said I did invite him in but 

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he turned away and he said "subhnalahil adheem 

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subhana mussarriful quloob"

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which basically means you know

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Glory to Allah The Great, 

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The one who changes the hearts.

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So Zaid, he understood what this meant and he said

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that Prophet Muhammad had feelings

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for Zainab, that he was attracted

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to her, so immediately he went to

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Prophet Muhammad.

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(excuse me)

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Zaid

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had some issues with his marriage

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to Zainab, it seems like Zainab was not happy

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marrying Zaid who was an ex-slave basically.

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And she wanted someone of higher status.

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Now the interesting thing is that it

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seemed that Prophet Muhammad had

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liked her from this story and this was

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mentioned in Ibn Saad, so after this

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happened, Zaid asked for permission to divorce

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Zainab, he no longer wanted to be married

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to Zainab. He couldn't bear after this

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to be married to Zainab and he asked Prophet Muhammad

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over and over again

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00:13:42,579 --> 00:13:47,049
can i divorce her? And Prophet Muhammad said "No" and

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this is the verse came in: "And you fear 

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the people while Allah has more has more

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right that you fear him." So the verse was

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revealed discussing this. Eventually, Zaid

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couldn't take it and he divorced Zainab, and then

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as you know Allah revealed the verse 

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that Muhammda got married to Zainab.

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Now is this an authentic story? 

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00:14:07,479 --> 00:14:13,329
The earliest earliest reference we

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00:14:09,789 --> 00:14:15,220
have is Ibn Saad and as I mentioned in 210 AH.

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00:14:13,329 --> 00:14:17,679
who mentioned this

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00:14:15,220 --> 00:14:18,939
story. And then Muqatil ibn Sulayman 

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was actually the earliest tafsir even before

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00:14:18,939 --> 00:14:22,749
Ibn Saad mentioned the story, this is in 150 AH.

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00:14:20,739 --> 00:14:23,439
starts even before Ibn Saad mentioned

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00:14:22,749 --> 00:14:25,239
the story

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this is 150 AH.

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But this story

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This tafsir is not considered reliable.

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However Tabari who died in 310 AH

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00:14:33,189 --> 00:14:36,699
is considered the greatest

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00:14:34,509 --> 00:14:38,949
scholars of tafsir, he is the most

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00:14:36,699 --> 00:14:41,409
Orthodox The most authentic, he's

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00:14:38,949 --> 00:14:44,019
considered an encyclopedia of tafsir, the

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00:14:41,409 --> 00:14:46,539
bastion of sunni tafsirs,

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00:14:44,019 --> 00:14:49,149
and he mentions this story that

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Prophet Muhammad had

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feelings for Zainab. He mentions that this

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and he narrated this from Ibn Zaid and Qatada

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who was a student of Ibn Abbas. Also other

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00:14:58,359 --> 00:15:04,089
than Tabari, Tafsir Samarqandi 

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00:15:00,819 --> 00:15:05,949
Thalabi, Zamakhshari, Fakhr al-Din al-Razi 

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00:15:04,089 --> 00:15:08,349
they all mentioned the same story that

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00:15:05,949 --> 00:15:10,359
you know and why is a big problem? The

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00:15:08,349 --> 00:15:11,270
problem is, it's a big problem because it

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00:15:10,359 --> 00:15:12,650
seems that

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00:15:11,270 --> 00:15:14,750
Prophet Muhammad you know he had

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00:15:12,650 --> 00:15:15,980
feelings for someone, and then you know

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00:15:14,750 --> 00:15:17,930
what the next thing that happened was he

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00:15:15,980 --> 00:15:20,390
ended up marrying her, and Allah married her to him

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it seems troubling .

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Ot is also interesting that in the

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00:15:23,750 --> 00:15:26,570
later centuries 4th 5th and 6th

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00:15:25,670 --> 00:15:29,450
centuries

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00:15:26,570 --> 00:15:32,090
this story became very very frowed upon

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00:15:29,450 --> 00:15:33,710
and you know Ibn Kathir even says

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00:15:32,090 --> 00:15:36,440
that some of the earlier books have

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00:15:33,710 --> 00:15:38,780
reports we wouldn't rather not mention.

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00:15:36,440 --> 00:15:41,840
an Ibn Hajr who died in 

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00:15:38,780 --> 00:15:44,540
852 AH

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00:15:41,840 --> 00:15:47,000
doesn't even mention this story. Later on, 

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00:15:44,540 --> 00:15:48,620
scholars went even further to say this

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00:15:47,000 --> 00:15:51,230
early story is a complete fabrication

410
00:15:48,620 --> 00:15:53,090
and you always made by the evil

411
00:15:51,230 --> 00:15:54,890
orientalists, the conspiracy

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00:15:53,090 --> 00:15:58,340
theories, and all of this is mentioned by

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00:15:54,890 --> 00:16:01,250
Uasir Qadhi and is in Seerah lecture that

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00:15:58,340 --> 00:16:03,890
all of these

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00:16:01,250 --> 00:16:05,840
references which I mentioned. So to

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00:16:03,890 --> 00:16:09,620
conclude this story and this video 

417
00:16:05,840 --> 00:16:12,230
Adoption became forbidden after

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00:16:09,620 --> 00:16:15,170
Prophet Muhammad.. I mean after Zaid divorced Zainab

419
00:16:12,230 --> 00:16:16,280
because before that 

420
00:16:15,170 --> 00:16:18,500
they used to call him 

421
00:16:16,280 --> 00:16:19,880
Zaid ibn Muhammad.

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00:16:18,500 --> 00:16:22,160
And this was something that was considered completely

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00:16:19,880 --> 00:16:23,660
taboo to marry your adopted son's ex-wife

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00:16:22,160 --> 00:16:25,580
basically marry your

425
00:16:23,660 --> 00:16:26,900
daughter-in-law was 

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00:16:25,580 --> 00:16:28,250
considered taboo because his son was

427
00:16:26,900 --> 00:16:31,040
considered like a real son

428
00:16:28,250 --> 00:16:33,800
so in order to to to make this you know

429
00:16:31,040 --> 00:16:36,440
marriage not as controversial,

430
00:16:33,800 --> 00:16:37,820
adoption had become forbidden and you

431
00:16:36,440 --> 00:16:40,880
were not allowed to call anyone by the

432
00:16:37,820 --> 00:16:42,620
name. So in order to marry Zainab 

433
00:16:40,880 --> 00:16:45,320
all of the goodness that came from

434
00:16:42,620 --> 00:16:47,030
adoption was completely eliminated.

435
00:16:45,320 --> 00:16:49,400
I mean why else would it be that

436
00:16:47,030 --> 00:16:51,800
adoption was eliminated at this

437
00:16:49,400 --> 00:16:53,510
timely point. When you know Prophet

438
00:16:51,800 --> 00:16:54,800
Muhammad wanted to marry Zainab.

439
00:16:53,510 --> 00:16:56,570
It's interesting that the both of them

440
00:16:54,800 --> 00:16:59,360
happen, both of these things happen at

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00:16:56,570 --> 00:17:02,390
the same time. It's also interesting that

442
00:16:59,360 --> 00:17:04,670
you know if adoption is forbidden now,

443
00:17:02,390 --> 00:17:08,150
and Muslims cannot adopt or take the

444
00:17:04,670 --> 00:17:10,040
name.. Why go to all of this you know 

445
00:17:08,150 --> 00:17:12,380
why would Prophet Muhammad even need to show

446
00:17:10,040 --> 00:17:14,209
people? I mean we can't even

447
00:17:12,380 --> 00:17:15,470
adopt anymore, so why would you need to

448
00:17:14,209 --> 00:17:17,839
have this big

449
00:17:15,470 --> 00:17:18,610
hoopla about just so you

450
00:17:17,839 --> 00:17:20,650
should marry her

451
00:17:18,610 --> 00:17:21,939
so that you know no one will have any

452
00:17:20,650 --> 00:17:24,280
trouble,none of the believers would have

453
00:17:21,939 --> 00:17:26,620
trouble to marry their adopted son's

454
00:17:24,280 --> 00:17:28,630
ex-wife. For the final revelation of God

455
00:17:26,620 --> 00:17:30,910
to include such a strange thing,

456
00:17:28,630 --> 00:17:32,980
doesn't it seem just seem

457
00:17:30,910 --> 00:17:35,170
troubling? Doesn't it seem strange that

458
00:17:32,980 --> 00:17:37,510
in the final revelation sent to

459
00:17:35,170 --> 00:17:41,350
mankind that you would need to include

460
00:17:37,510 --> 00:17:43,179
such a such a obscure rule? And

461
00:17:41,350 --> 00:17:46,090
isn't it troubling that this beautiful

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00:17:43,179 --> 00:17:47,470
young lady that Prophet Muhammad liked, that

463
00:17:46,090 --> 00:17:50,200
he had to come up with moral

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00:17:47,470 --> 00:17:52,150
justification to marry her from Allah? That

465
00:17:50,200 --> 00:17:54,190
if it wasn't for this, he could never

466
00:17:52,150 --> 00:17:56,380
marry her and people would talk bad about 

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00:17:54,190 --> 00:17:58,120
him and say that look at this man he's

468
00:17:56,380 --> 00:17:59,740
marrying his daughter-in-law?

469
00:17:58,120 --> 00:18:01,900
I mean these are just some things to

470
00:17:59,740 --> 00:18:04,299
think about - I think I went a little bit

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00:18:01,900 --> 00:18:07,299
longer than I wanted to. Thank you for

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00:18:04,299 --> 00:18:09,970
watching, please subscribe to

473
00:18:07,299 --> 00:18:11,710
keep up with my other videos and as well

474
00:18:09,970 --> 00:18:16,720
please check out my other video -

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00:18:11,710 --> 00:18:19,240
Muhammad's revelations that he received

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00:18:16,720 --> 00:18:24,720
for marrying his other wives (Muhammad: Allahs Favorite Prophet)

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00:18:19,240 --> 00:18:24,720
Thank you very much! :)